Opposition lawmakers slammed then minister of health Adham Baba for breaking his promise that no action would be taken against doctors who participated in the strike. Despite strong objections by opposition political parties and civil society, in 2018 the former Barisan Nasional coalition government approved redrawn parliamentary districts that critics contended unfairly advantaged Barisan Nasional through gerrymandering and malapportionment. They focus mainly on students . In another case a refugee said police on patrol stopped him, became aggressive, and despite his UNHCR card, threatened him with arrest, claiming he had broken the law. The law provides for limited freedom of association and for certain categories of workers to form and join trade unions, subject to a variety of legal and practical restrictions. Physical Conditions: Overcrowding in prisons and immigration detention centers, particularly in facilities near major cities, remained a serious problem. Share this via WhatsApp However, water issues are still a significant problem in Malaysia. The National Registration Department did not maintain records of stateless persons. What is scope and limitations of the study? In July, after Al Jazeera aired a documentary about Malaysias treatment of migrant workers during the Covid-19 pandemic, the police announced that they were investigating Al Jazeera for sedition, defamation, and violation of the Communications and Multimedia Act (CMA). Curtailing internet freedom to combat dissenting political views online, authorities blocked some websites and monitored the internet for messages and blog postings deemed a threat to public security or order. In January the Selangor Islamic Religious Department detained transgender social media influencer Nur Sajat for questioning regarding an online video of her saying Islamic prayers in womens clothing in 2018. The affordability of health care is high on the public's list of the biggest problems in the country today, with 56% of adults describing this as "a very big problem" and an additional 30% rating it "a moderately big problem.". Significant human rights issues included credible reports of: unlawful or arbitrary killings by the government or its agents; torture and cases of cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment by government entities; harsh and life-threatening prison conditions; arbitrary arrest and detention; problems with the independence of the judiciary; arbitrary or unlawful interference with privacy; restrictions on free expression and media including unjustified arrests or prosecutions of journalists, censorship, and the existence of criminal libel laws; restrictions on internet freedom; substantial interference with the freedom of peaceful assembly and freedom of association; severe restrictions on religious freedom; restrictions on freedom of movement; serious government corruption; serious government restrictions on or harassment of domestic human rights organizations; lack of investigation of and accountability for gender-based violence; significant barriers to accessing reproductive health; trafficking in persons; violence against lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or intersex persons; criminalization of consensual adult same-sex sexual conduct; and child labor. 3 million people owe more than $10,000. People also migrate because of factors like wars, poverty, discrimination, and for political or even religious reasons. The constitution also provides for transfers of power without new legislative elections. Malaysia's economy has been adversely affected by COVID-19 and the subsequent mobility restrictions implemented to flatten the curve of the pandemic. The report also alleged that one accredited election observer actively campaigned for the former Barisan Nasional government. The violations included failure to comply with building capacity, operating without permission, failure to provide entry and exit route and nonadherence to social distancing.. Biggest Social Issues . Depression. A November 2 hearing was fixed for Ibu Yati. Malaysia did little to stop a vicious online hate speech campaign against Rohingya refugees in the country in April. The government reported that 23 people, including two children, died while in immigration detention during the first six months of 2020. Significant human rights issues included: reports of unlawful or arbitrary killings by the government or its agents; reports of torture and cases of cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment by the government; harsh and life-threatening prison conditions; arbitrary detention; problems with the independence . Undocumented migrants are detained during a crackdown by MalaysiasImmigration Department in response to the Covid-19 pandemic, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia, May 20, 2020. Authorities restricted rights to religious observance for members of all non-Sunni practices of Islam, which the government bans as deviant.. Moreover, racism and special privileges leave some . Malaysia's total population was 32.98 million in January 2022.. Data show that Malaysia's population increased by 408 thousand (+1.3 percent) between 2021 and 2022.. 48.6 percent of Malaysia's population is female, while 51.4 percent of the population is male.. At the start of 2022, 78.2 percent of Malaysia's population lived in urban centres, while 21. . The constitution provides for freedom of internal movement, emigration, and repatriation, but these rights were often restricted by federal and state government officials, particularly in eastern Sabah and Sarawak states. Parents must register a child within 14 days of birth. Many NGOs complained women did not receive fair treatment from sharia courts, especially in divorce and child custody cases (see section 6). Coordinator for the Arctic Region, Deputy Secretary of State for Management and Resources, Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization, Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security, Bureau of Arms Control, Verification and Compliance, Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation, Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights, Bureau of Conflict and Stabilization Operations, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs, Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration, Office of International Religious Freedom, Office of the Special Envoy To Monitor and Combat Antisemitism, Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons, Under Secretary for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment, Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs, Office of the Science and Technology Adviser, Bureau of the Comptroller and Global Financial Services, Bureau of Information Resource Management, Office of Management Strategy and Solutions, Bureau of International Organization Affairs, Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs, Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs, U.S. Muslim women younger than 16 may marry with the approval of a sharia court. Non-Muslims are not subject to sharia. They also faced a maximum of five years imprisonment, a fine, or both, and mandatory caning with a maximum of six strokes if convicted of immigration law violations. In February the High Court sentenced former federal minister and Negeri Sembilan States longest serving chief minister, Isa Samad, to six years imprisonment and a 15.4 million ringgit ($3.7 million) fine on nine counts of corruption and bribery for accepting three million ringgit ($720,000) in bribes in connection with luxury hotel purchase transactions. In January a male inmate raped a 16-year-old girl, also an inmate, at a local police station in Miri, Sarawak State. Malaysia has a long history of environmental issues. The law prohibits the employment of children younger than 15 but permits some exceptions, such as light work in a family enterprise, work in public entertainment, work performed for the government in a school or in training institutions, or work as an approved apprentice. In June, 40 religious and educator groups jointly protested an online program, School as a Safe Place for Individuals of Various Sexual Orientations, arguing that schools must be saved from elements of pro-unnatural sex orientations and transgenderism ideology that are against religious teachings (see section 6, Acts of Violence, Criminalization, and Other Abuses Based on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity). According to Department of Occupational Safety and Health statistics, as of July, 111 workers died, 3,668 acquired a nonpermanent disability, and 140 acquired permanent disability in work-related incidents. Inspectors have the authority to conduct unannounced inspections and initiate sanctions. In April two members of parliament accused then deputy inspector general of police Acryl Sani Abdullah Sani, since promoted to inspector general, of trivializing a rape threat made against a teenage girl. SUHAKAM may not investigate court cases in progress and must cease its inquiries if a case becomes the subject of judicial action. Employers are obligated to inquire into most sexual harassment complaints in a prescribed manner. There were no reports of disappearances by or on behalf of government authorities. The law prohibits and criminalizes all forms of forced or compulsory labor. Passport confiscation by employers increased migrant workers vulnerability to forced labor; the practice was illegal but widespread and generally went unpunished. Sarawak maintained its ban on Zakir Naik, an Islamic preacher; Mandeep Karpal Singh, formerly of the fair-election NGO coalition Bersih; sitting Bersih chair Thomas Fann; former chair Ambiga Sreenevasan; Wong Chin Huat, an academic and Bersih resource chair; Jerald Joseph, a SUHAKAM commissioner; and activists Colin Nicholas and Jannie Lasimbang, among others. The law excludes them from provisions that stipulate one rest day per week, an eight-hour workday, and a 48-hour workweek. Lacking citizenship, access to schooling, or other government-provided support, these children often resorted to menial labor and criminal activities to survive; those living on the streets were vulnerable to sex trafficking and forced labor, including forced begging. The 'new normal' comes with its fair share of added stresses and worries for everyone to handle. According to World Prison Brief, as of August 2020 the country had 69,000 inmates in 52 prisons designed to hold only 52,000 inmates. The Ministry of Home Affairs maintained a list of more than 1,700 banned publications as of November 2020. The law provides criminal penalties for corruption by officials; several sitting and former government officials remained on trial for corruption, including the former prime minister, and there remained a broadly held perception of widespread corruption and cronyism in government institutions. The court ruled that the money received by Tengku Adnan from a businessman was a donation to UMNO, although it was deposited into an account of a company that belonged to Tengku Adnan. In a September response to a parliamentary inquiry, Prime Minister Sabri wrote that as of June, a total of 1,733 individuals from the LGBTQI+ community had been sent to a rehabilitation camp run by the Islamic Development Department, a government agency. The law prohibits employers from interfering with trade union activities, including union formation. In May police reported an increase in cases involving child pornography during the movement control order period from March 2020 to April 2021, including child grooming without physical contact using words or showing obscene sexual acts to children. Indigenous persons in peninsular Malaysia, known as Orang Asli, who number approximately 200,000, constituted the poorest group in the country and had very little ability to participate in decisions that affected them. If found guilty, the cost of deportation generally fell to the detainee, which led to prolonged detention for those unable to pay. On May 13, police detained two boys, ages 12 and 13, at a local police station in Sentul, a suburb of Kuala Lumpur, on suspicion of throwing firecrackers at policemen sent to disperse a crowd of approximately 200 setting off fireworks. NGOs reported that the government did not take action in cases of domestic violence; victims must keep evidence, gather witness testimony, and ensure their own safety. Malaysia permits the death penalty for various crimes and makes the sentence mandatory for 11 offenses. There is no minimum age for engaging in light work. Nonetheless, police often denied detainees access to legal counsel and questioned suspects without allowing a lawyer to be present. Civil and criminal law exempt men older than 50, unless convicted of rape, and all women from caning. Indigenous persons are governed by customary laws with no fixed minimum age for marriage. Sharia also generally requires a husbands consent for divorce, but a small and steadily increasing number of women obtained divorces under sharia without their husbands consent. The king is the head of state, serves a largely ceremonial role, and has a five-year term. National Security: Authorities often cited national security laws to restrict media distribution of material critical of government policies and public officials. In August, Malaysia refused to renew the visas of two Al Jazeera journalists based in the country. According to the NGO Suaram, however, 16 persons died in police lockups and prison through September, while more than 40 individuals died in immigration detention centers. March 11, 2021 End Poverty, Equality, . No laws provided for the protection of members of racial or ethnic minorities or groups against violence and discrimination. There was also a sexual investigations unit at each police headquarters to help victims of sexual crimes and abuse, and police sometimes assigned psychologists or counselors to provide emotional support. One of the largest issues in Malaysia is tension between these people groups. The officials were allegedly offered cash and women for sexual services to ignore the cartels activities. Television stations censored programming to follow government guidelines. The 12 police officers initially charged in the case were released in March 2017. Child, Early, and Forced Marriage: The minimum age of marriage is 18 for men and 16 for women. In the paper, Economic Cost of Youth Suicide Malaysia, Relate Malaysia found that, for every youth suicide in 2019, the Malaysian economy lost RM676,165. UNHCR reported the government brought charges in a few cases against employers for hiring refugees. Estimates of the street-child population ranged from a few thousand to 15,000, many of whom were born in the country to illegal immigrant parents. In June human rights organizations protested an illustration posted on social media by the National Task Force, a government unit charged with tightening border controls, that showed armed security officials and navy ships surrounding a boat, captioned, Rohingya migrants, your arrival is not welcome. In response to complaints, Minister of Home Affairs Hamzah Zainudin declared he believed most Malaysians were concerned that the huge number of refugees who made Malaysia their destination of choice might lead to various social ills. In turn migrant rights activist Adrian Pereira of the NGO North South Initiative expressed fear of what the governments portrayal of the Rohingya could lead to, especially after the surge of online hate against that community in 2020. Nur Sajat crossed into Thailand, and UNHCR granted her refugee status. The government did not effectively enforce laws prohibiting child labor. NGOs and international organizations involved with these populations made credible allegations of overcrowding, inadequate food and clothing, lack of regular access to clean water, poor medical care, improper sanitation, and lack of bedding in the immigration detention centers. The NGO EDICT called for an inquiry, adding that for police to abuse tactics to force suspects to confess is inappropriate. In September, Home Affairs Minister Hamzah announced police had started an inquest into the death.

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