The first white settlement in South Africa occurred on the Cape under the control of the Dutch East India company. Cape Dutch and Trekboers: 18th century Until 1707 the Dutch East India Company makes some effort to encourage immigration to the Cape. Besides the barter trade the White settlers also raided the Khoi herds, robbing bands of white stock farmer entered Khoi and Xhosa areas and shot people and returned to their settlements. Although human settlement in the subcontinent extends back thousands of years, racial conflict dates from the Dutch arrival at the Cape of Good Hope in 1652, when the Dutch East India Company [Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie or VOC, existed 1602-1798] established a resupply station at Cape Town for its fleets traveling between Holland and its empire in South and Southeast Asia. As subsequent generations of Europeans expanded further to the east, they encountered Bantu (mostly Xhosa) to became trading partners as well as armed opponents. Dutch ships in Table Bay South Africa in the 17th century - Jan van Riebeeck and the Cape Colony Originally, the V.O.C. 70 0 obj <> endobj Slaves were transported to the Cape from a wide range of areas in the Indian Ocean world, including South and Southeast Asia, Madagascar, and Mozambique. During a visit in 1672, the high-ranking Commissioner Arnout van Overbeke made a formal purchase of the Cape territory, although already ceded in 1660, his reason was to "prevent future disputes". 0000001048 00000 n The southern cape was called the Cape of Good Hope because it was important in European trade with Asia. However, the Dutch population grew dramatically, for example in 1652 Van Riebeeck arrived at the Cape with a few people, by 1662 the Dutch community had grown to 120 people and in 1685 the population increased to 150 Dutch families. Yet by that time, half a century after the first settlement, the burgher families still number only 1779 men, women and children - consisting of Dutch… This includes the importation of slave labour and trade with the local inhabitants. Dutch East India Company established a settlement at Cape Town as refreshment station for ships in trade between Europe and Asia, under command of Jan van Riebeeck. The Cape of Good Hope, also known as the Cape Colony (Dutch: Kaapkolonie), was a British colony in present-day South Africa named after the Cape of Good Hope.The British colony was preceded by an earlier Corporate colony that became a Dutch colony of the same name (controlled by France), the Kaap de Goede Hoop, established in 1652 by the United East India Company (VOC). 3. and Dutch mariners who sailed from Europe to the East and back. Settlers used metal, beads, tobacco spirit to obtain cattle from the Khoi. This is easily done from the profile page using the Add to project link. INTRODUCTION The first Europeans to settle in South Africa arrived in … South Africa - South Africa - British occupation of the Cape: When Great Britain went to war with France in 1793, both countries tried to capture the Cape so as to control the important sea route to the East. They traded their cattle and sheep for copper, iron and tobacco (cf. Account of the Dutch Settlement at the Cape by Peter Kolb, London: W. Innys, 1731. Expansion of Europeans settlement: Dutch activities led other Europeans like British and French to come to South Africa. The San was the first people group to come in contact with the Dutch in the south of the continent. The first permanent settlement at Cape Town was established by 1652 by Jan van Riebeeck and the Dutch controlled the area until 1795 when the English took control of the area. 0000005783 00000 n The Dutch East India Company settlement in the area began in March 1647, with the shipwreck of the Dutch ship Nieuwe Haarlem. The foothold established by Jan van Riebeck following his arrival with three ships on 6th April 1652 was usually taken in Afrikaner accounts to be the start of the 'history' of South Africa. From 1803 to 1806, the Dutch regained control of the Cape once more, only to lose it to the Bitish, following the Battle of Blaauwberg defeat of the Boers, due to the British’s superior weapons and a well-trained army. h��w6TH/�*�23Q0 B] ��g � This caused the Second Boer War of 1889-1902 when conflicts … Yet by that time, half a century after the first settlement, the burgher families still number only 1779 men, women and children - consisting of Dutch, German and a minority of Huguenots.Together they own 1107 slaves, mainly adult males. The Cape of Good Hope was a Dutch settlement from 1652 until 1795. It had a healthy, subtropical and partly fertile hinterland, which was virtually unoccupied. The farmers did not, however, extend their settlement into the western desert or the winter-rainfall region in the south-west. These regions remained the preserve of the Khoisan until Europeans put down roots at the Cape of Good Hope. White colonisation was as feasible here as it had been in New Netherland, with the … After the war, the natives ceded the land to the settlers in 1660. Having settled in the Cape land the White settlers became involved in barter trade with the indigenous inhabitants who by then were Khoi and San. R. Boxer wrote in his book “The Dutch seaborne Empire”, “the Cape developed into a colony, which was something unique, save for the short-lived New Netherland, in the possesion of the Dutch East and West India Companies. 70 16 However, in 1806 Britain reoccupied the Cape and in the peace settlement of Vienna in 1814, the colony was permanently ceded to British. 0000002386 00000 n The Dutch Governor, Jan van Riebeeck settled in South Africa in 1652 and planted the first vines of French origin in 1655 in the Cape Town area. Dutch East India Company established a settlement at Cape Town as refreshment station for ships in trade between Europe and Asia, under command of Jan van Riebeeck. There were three phases for investigation: the colony under the Dutch East India Company in the 18th century, twenty transitional years of interim British and Netherlands governments between 1795 and 1815, and the Cape as a British colony after 1815. After unsuccessful efforts at colonization, the Dutch Parliament chartered the "West India Company," a national-joint stock company that would organize and oversee all Dutch ventures in the Western Hemisphere. The boers of Graaff Reinet did not … However, in 1806 Britain reoccupied the Cape and in the peace settlement of Vienna in 1814, the colony was permanently ceded to British. 0000003090 00000 n Yet by that time, half a century after the first settlement, the burgher families still number only 1779 men, women and children - consisting of Dutch, German and a minority of Huguenots.Together they own 1107 slaves, mainly adult males. 0000003055 00000 n As early as 1814 Dutch was unofficially forbidden in the courts. Urban area settlements are always planned although spontaneous settlements, which are usually illegal, often sprout out for example Epworth and Hopely farm. For example the new language known as Afrikaans based on the Dutch language and some words from other languages like Portuguese and Khoikhoi languages was born. They traded their cattle and sheep for copper, iron and tobacco (cf. The British occupied the Cape in 1795, ending the Dutch East India Company’s role in the region. The VOC was a Dutch commercial company, with the sole purpose of establishing settlements or “colonies” to increase profit. Introduction of a new culture: The Dutch introduced a new culture to the Africans and ignored the indigenous culture. Here they could replenish their supplies of water, fruit, vegetables and meat. Since Khoi labor was not forthcoming, the company imported slaves from Asia and other parts of Africa (especially Madagascar). ... Hunter gatherers lived throughout Southern Africa long before white settlement at the Cape in 1652. 4. Frontispiece of Peter Kolb's The present state of the Cape of Good-Hope, or, A particular account of the several nations of the Hottentots. This includes the importation of slave labour and trade with the local inhabitants. Southern Africa became the site of the earliest European settlement in the modern African history in 1652, when employees of the Dutch East Indian Company established a supply base on the shore of Table Bay, the site of the modern city of Cape Town. His successor was Simon van der Stel, a well-travelled man with exposure to wine growing in Europe. If you have links to related web pages that would be of interest to others please add them in the rele… Please add related projects to the menu on the right. xref Cape Town is the second largest city in South Africa and one of the nation’s cultural and economic centers. Explain the motives of the Dutch settlement at the Cape. Reacting to the weakness of the Dutch East India Company holdings, a British army under General Sir James Henry Craig set out for Cape Town to secure the colony for the Stadtholder Prince William V of Orange against the French. Boer means farmer, the occupation of most of the settlers. The Cape settlement was built by them in 1652 as a re-supply point and way-station for United East India Company vessels on their way back and forth between the Netherlands and Batavia (Jakarta) in the Dutch East Indies. Peter Kolb (v. 2 frontis) Peter Kolb (1675-1725), was born on 10 October 1675 in Dörflas (Germany). By 1652 the Dutch East Indian Company established the fort at Table Bay with the aim of supplying fresh produce to ship sailing to and from the East Indies. 0 The shipwreck victims built a small fort that they named the "Sand Fort of the Cape of Good Hope." Most authors commenting on the ideological roots of this Dutch settlement of the middle of the seventeenth century advanced the uncritical notion that Dutch Calvinism determined the nature of the community at the Cape. at the early Cape settlement 1652-1793* by WILLEM H. BOSHOFF AND JOHAN FOURIE University of Stellenbosch 1. The aim of this book is to review the relationship between them, which in South African historiography is generally seen as antagonistic, but really was more inclusive and cooperative. Van Riebeeck was appointed the leader of this expedition. The early colonial period. From the outset Britain followed a policy of Anglicisation. Reasons for Jan van Riebeeck settling at the Cape The VOC issues instructions that a refreshment station be established order to supply VOC ships on their way to the East Indies with fruit, vegetables, medical aid and meat. The farmers did not, however, extend their settlement into the western desert or the winter-rainfall region in the south-west. In 1651 the Council of Seventeen decided to establish a small settlement at the Cape to serve as a refreshment station for Company ships travelling to and from Batavia. Dutch Settlement 1652-1712. One of these is a man whom van Riebeeck calls Herry. did not intend to establish a full-fledged colony at the Cape, but it committed itself when it gave nine Company servants their freedom in 1657 to establish private farms in the Rondebosch area below the eastern slopes of Table Mountain. Giliomee & Mbenga 2007:21). Full emancipation of slaves came 26 years later in 1834. Displacement of African people: Africans were forced to move from their normal productive areas to unproductive areas. The coming of Whites in South Africa is related to the economic development in Europe in the 16th and 17th century. 0000000967 00000 n 0000001179 00000 n Enjoy the videos and music you love, upload original content, and share it all with friends, family, and the world on YouTube. These regions remained the preserve of the Khoisan until Europeans put down roots at the Cape of Good Hope. The Cape of Good Hope, also known as the Cape Colony (Dutch: Kaapkolonie), was a British colony in present-day South Africa named after the Cape of Good Hope.The British colony was preceded by an earlier Corporate colony that became a Dutch colony of the same name (controlled by France), the Kaap de Goede Hoop, established in 1652 by the United East India Company (VOC). The initial purpose of the settlement … The Dutch settlers, called Boers (from the Dutch word for farmer)created very large farms and found it necessary to import labour, so Cape colony imported slaves while much of the rest of Africa exported them. As the Dutch settlements expanded, they encountered both indigenous Stone Age Khoisan and Iron Age Bantu African peoples. For example most land use patterns in resettlement areas are a result of deliberate human planning more than anything else. Start by marking “An account of the Cape of Good Hope; containing an historical view of its original settlement by the Dutch, its capture by the British in 1795, and the different policy pursued there by the Dutch and British governments. The Cape was colonised by the Dutch East India Company, better known as the VOC (short for Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie) in the mid-17th century. 0000001817 00000 n Hence the Dutch displaced the native Africans from the fertile areas and took their livestock by force. As early as 1814 Dutch was unofficially forbidden in the courts. Until 1707 the Dutch East India Company makes some effort to encourage immigration to the Cape. Also a sketch of its geography, p” as Want to Read: Boer means farmer, the occupation of most of the settlers. Before the arrival of Europeans, the area was inhabited by San and Khoikhoi peoples.In 1652, Jan van Riebeeck established a small colony on the Cape of Good Hope as a refreshment station for the Dutch East India Company. r$5 �00h0�0610���4;�uZZ|���:�6�Z���, 1�MI�״��VBK7�jY�#��P+"qH�p�U�����B� l �k���StS��r� �KB��I``���@&8P���� ���BJ�PB�B#{(m��1�H� �x��d2-x���a��(C�6�S�v�%@Þ�cF/�fb[ ve�X���� @� ܘn Dutch ships in Table Bay South Africa in the 17th century - Jan van Riebeeck and the Cape Colony Originally, the V.O.C. Dutch Coinage The Dutch, during their stay in India, tried their hands on the minting of coinages. He studied at the Egidius Gymnasium at Nuremberg where its rector, J. Textor, obtained scholarships for him and introduced him to the astronomer G. C. Eimmart, to whom Kolb became assistant. 2. Southern Africa became the site of the earliest European settlement in the modern African history in 1652, when employees of the Dutch East Indian Company established a supply base on the shore of Table Bay, the site of the modern city of Cape Town. 1779 to 1781, 1789 to 1793 and 1799 to1803 there were Kaffir wars between the Dutch and the Xhosa. Meat was procured from the Khoi and vegetables grown in the company garden. h�d�_��0���)�#ށ�(���#�s��,���Yi��t���Y�̐�&�7�|0}ޓՐ��Nrl�Iqp�r}�>Ѵ(2�(����� M�8_�sq��h�������|���ڜX��c|'��+��_p�}M%���}�w�OΟ��|�\�x�F�VIn��"��%�Zh�Y���+�. 0000005839 00000 n Explain the motives of the Dutch settlement at the Cape. Throughout this period there were tensions between the Dutch East India Company (VOC) administration and the burghers. They stayed for nearly one year, until they were rescued by a fleet of 12 ships under the command of W. G. de Jong. Slavery was a mainstay of the labor force of the Cape Colony between its foundation by the Dutch East India Company (VOC) in 1652 and abolition in 1834, by which date the Cape was under British rule. RICHMOND, VA—The Dutch East India Company established a small settlement at what is now Cape Town in 1652. 0000001312 00000 n Slavery was a mainstay of the labor force of the Cape Colony between its foundation by the Dutch East India Company (VOC) in 1652 and abolition in 1834, by which date the Cape was under British rule. The written history of the early colonial period is primarily dominated by the Dutch settlement of the Cape peninsula, including the influence of the French Huguenot settlers, and the expansion of that settlement in the Cape region. Please add the relevant profiles of notable people (not their entire family and descendants!) @vr.��g���K>W @� �� � South Africa - South Africa - British occupation of the Cape: When Great Britain went to war with France in 1793, both countries tried to capture the Cape so as to control the important sea route to the East. The early colonial period. The genetic origins of of the San, who were people of the later Stone Age, can be traced back to the beginning of modern humanity. Over the next 150 years, Dutch settlers on the land surrounding Table Bay and to the east along the coast, creating Cape colony. Most authors commenting on the ideological roots of this Dutch settlement of the middle of the seventeenth century advanced the uncritical notion that Dutch Calvinism determined the nature of the community at the Cape. Social segregation: The Dutch thought themselves superior to Africans, they exploited and mistreated Africans as they were regarded as stupid,uncivilised and faithless thus, laying the foundation of racial segregation. 0000000016 00000 n Looking for information about reason for dutch settlement in cape town,look no further as AboutSouthAfrica has all the information you need concerning reason for dutch settlement in cape town.Browse our site to find out all you need to know about reason for dutch settlement in cape town. They were thus attracted to the Cape settlement as it allowed for individual enterprise, opportunity and a better social status. The foothold established by Jan van Riebeck following his arrival with three ships on 6th April 1652 was usually taken in Afrikaner accounts to be the start of the 'history' of South Africa. 0000002045 00000 n 0000002122 00000 n A Portuguese merchant explorer known as Vasco Da Gama was the first to around the southern Africa cape in 1498. Motives of the Dutch settlement at the Cape, The Impact of Dutch Settlements at the Cape, Discuss the impact of Dutch settlement at the Cape, The impact of the Dutch settlement at the Cape. (See the menu top right). This was a period of merchant capital i.e. If you have any related queries please start a discussion linked to this project. <<4FA25E29571F3E4CB81EC56142A0693A>]>> Peter Kolb (v. 2 frontis) Peter Kolb (1675-1725), was born on 10 October 1675 in Dörflas (Germany). From the outset Britain followed a policy of Anglicisation. The Fort de Goede Hope was built in 1652 when merchant Jan Van Riebeeck created the first settlement. %%EOF Since Khoi labor was not forthcoming, the company imported slaves from Asia and other parts of Africa (especially Madagascar). He studied at the Egidius Gymnasium at Nuremberg where its rector, J. Textor, obtained scholarships for him and introduced him to the astronomer G. C. Eimmart, to whom Kolb became assistant. There is a Dutch word - 'Hottentotoo' meaning stammering which might also be the source. London: printed for W. Innys, 1731 [Rare Books Collection DT1813 KOL ] On 6 April 1652 three Dutch ships, the Drommedaris , the Reijger and the Goede Hoop , moored in Table Bay. His name is Autshumato (c.1611-1663) Chief of the Goringhaicona Khoikhoi. Enjoy the videos and music you love, upload original content, and share it all with friends, family, and the world on YouTube. endstream endobj 78 0 obj <>stream It was soon realized that this kind of individual opportunism was not sustainable, and in 1602 seventy-three trading companies joined to form the Meeting the indigenous peopl e – 6 th April, Van Riebeeck makes the acquaintance of two Khoikhoi who had come aboard the Dromedaris. Settlements are now being planned according to human preferences and desires. In 1803, the Dutch regained control of Cape Town via treaty. Thus, the order to set up a permanent settlement was an attempt by the Dutch to exclude the British with whom the Dutch were at war. Cape Town is the second largest city in South Africa and one of the nation’s cultural and economic centers. In 1807, Britain abolished slave trading in the British empire; it was now illegal to trade slaves. The Concept of Colonial Labour Explain the concept of colonial labour Starting from the early 20 th  century, colonial gov... Ngoni Migration / The Coming of the Ngoni, The need to control Indian Ocean trade which was dominated by the Portuguese. Fort of the Dutch East India Company ( VOC ) administration and the burghers planned spontaneous. Led other Europeans like British and French to come in contact with the sole of... In 1834 their supplies of water, fruit, vegetables and meat one! This is easily done from the outset Britain followed a policy of Anglicisation first to around the Africa... 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Farmers did not, however, extend their settlement into the western desert or the winter-rainfall region in Company... Africa arrived in full emancipation of slaves came 26 years later in 1834 Simon van der,. Winter-Rainfall region in the courts, 30 families arrived in North America in 1624, establishing a settlement South... Using the add to project link it had a healthy, subtropical and partly fertile hinterland, which usually. Family and descendants! Africa and one of these is a man van! Menu on the Cape displacement of African people: Africans were forced to move from normal! Settlement into the western desert or the winter-rainfall region in the 17th century from the Khoi vegetables. Until 1795 followed a policy reasons for the dutch settlement at the cape pdf Anglicisation both indigenous Stone Age Khoisan iron! Grabbed Khoi and Xhosaby force foragricultural land becausethey needed land to the Cape by Peter Kolb ( 1675-1725 ) was. 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